持戒的功德

Ashoka

持戒的功德

◎在《法句经》第54-57偈中佛陀说：

Na pupphagandho paṭivātameti, na candanaṃ tagaramallikā; Satañca gandho paṭivātameti, sabbā disā sappuriso pavāyati.
花香不能逆风送，栴檀.答嘎拉.茉莉。
善者之香逆风送，善人之香飘诸方。

Candanaṃ tagaraṃ vāpi, uppalaṃ atha vassikī; Etesaṃ gandhajātānaṃ, sīlagandho anuttaro.
栴檀.答嘎拉，青莲.瓦西其，
如是诸香中，戒香为最上。

Appamatto ayaṃ gandho, yvāyaṃ tagaracandanaṃ [yāyaṃ tagaracandanī; Yo ca sīlavataṃ gandho, vāti devesu uttamo.
栴檀.答嘎拉，此等香甚微。
持戒香最上，上飘于天界。

Tesaṃ sampannasīlānaṃ, appamādavihārinaṃ; Sammadaññā vimuttānaṃ, māro maggaṃ na vindati.
具足诸戒行，住于不放逸，
正智解脱者，魔不知其道。

◎在《增支部·佈施再生经》(A.8.4.5)中佛陀说：

「bhikkhave, sīlavato cetopaṇidhi visuddhattā. 诸比库，持戒者的心愿能因[戒]清淨而成就。」

◎在《长部〃大般涅槃经》(D.16)中又提到，持戒者因具足了戒，能在今生和来世获得五种功德，即：

Atha kho bhagavā pāṭaligāmike upāsake āmantesi– “pañcime, gahapatayo, ādīnavā dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā. Katame pañca? Idha, gahapatayo, dussīlo sīlavipanno pamādādhikaraṇaṃ mahatiṃ bhogajāniṃ nigacchati. Ayaṃ paṭhamo ādīnavo dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā.
   “Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, dussīlassa sīlavipannassa pāpako kittisaddo abbhuggacchati. Ayaṃ dutiyo ādīnavo dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā.
   “Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, dussīlo sīlavipanno yaññadeva parisaṃ upasaṅkamati– yadi khattiyaparisaṃ yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṃ yadi gahapatiparisaṃ yadi samaṇaparisaṃ– avisārado upasaṅkamati maṅkubhūto. Ayaṃ tatiyo ādīnavo dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā.
   “Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, dussīlo sīlavipanno sammūḷho kālaṅkaroti. Ayaṃ catuttho ādīnavo dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā.
   “Puna caparaṃ, gahapatayo, dussīlo sīlavipanno kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. Ayaṃ pañcamo ādīnavo dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā. Ime kho, gahapatayo, pañca ādīnavā dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā.

1、具足戒的持戒者因爲不放逸而获得大财富；
2、持戒者以具足戒而善名远扬；
3、具足戒的持戒者无论走近哪一衆中：若刹帝利衆、若婆罗门衆、若居士衆、若沙门衆中，走近时都有自信而不羞愧；
4、具足戒的持戒者临终不昏迷；
5、具足戒的持戒者身坏死后往生于善趣、天界。

居士们！这些是五种持戒、戒具足的效益。